Ghana cocoa farmers revolt over prices, threaten mass smuggling

More than 300,000 farmers expressed anger over what they consider inadequate compensation, with some saying they would smuggle their entire harvest to Ivory Coast if they lived near the border, where prices are perceived to be more favorable.

Ghana on August 4 announced a fixed farmgate price of 51,660 cedis ($4,783) per ton for the 2025/2026 season, or 3,228 cedis per 64 kg bag, a modest 4% increase from the previous season.

Theophilus Tamakloe, vice president of the Ghana Cooperative Cocoa Farmers and Marketing Association, said the price falls short of the government's promise to pay 70% of the free-on-board price used in international trade, which should have yielded around 3,800 cedis per bag.

Kwame Alex, named Best Cocoa Farmer at the recent national awards, said there was a price differential of around 700 cedis between the Ghanaian price and the price fetched by Ivorian cocoa. "(That) creates incentives for smuggling," said Alex, who is not part of the coalition.

"If I'm close to the Cote d'Ivoire border, probably all my cocoa beans will go to Cote d'Ivoire because the government has not been fair to us," Tamakloe said.

The farmers' threat to exclude officers working for Ghana's cocoa regulator, COCOBOD, from their farms represents an escalation that could disrupt agricultural support services across cocoa-growing regions.

Extension officers visit farms regularly to check crops and educate farmers.

The standoff highlights growing frustrations in Ghana's cocoa sector, where smuggling has already become a significant problem. The country lost approximately 160,000 tons of cocoa to illegal cross-border trade in the 2023/24 season, according to COCOBOD officials.

Kwame Alex said pricing was particularly inadequate given rising production costs, including insecticides now selling for 150 cedis each and equipment rental fees reaching 100 cedis per day.