Biodiversity conservation: [2] The Green Treasure of Lang Sen

An “ink-wash painting” in the Delta heart

Amid the fertile plains of southern Viet Nam, where rivers endlessly enrich the land with alluvial soil, Lang Sen Wetland Reserve emerges as a precious “green oasis” preserved amid the pace of modern development. More than just a source of pride for the Dong Thap Muoi region, Lang Sen is also a symbol of biodiversity, safeguarding the unique ecological values of an internationally recognized wetland ecosystem.

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According to Nguyen Cong Toai, Deputy Director of Lang Sen Wetland Reserve, the reserve was established in 2004 and covers more than 1,970 hectares across Thanh Hung and Vinh Chau communes. Through numerous surveys conducted by universities, research institutes, and scientists, Lang Sen has recorded 161 waterbird species, 142 aquatic species, and 331 plant species, along with many insect, reptile, and amphibian species.

Among them are several rare species listed in the Viet Nam Red Book and international conservation lists. Seasonal flocks of white storks, ibises, herons, whistling ducks, and wild ducks create a distinctive “symphony” of nature across the reserve.

Not only is the surface ecosystem rich in biodiversity, but the underwater ecosystem is also exceptionally diverse. Native fish species, aquatic organisms, frogs, and amphibians thrive thanks to clean water sources and favorable natural conditions. Native melaleuca forests, sedges, wild rice, lotus, and water lilies contribute to forming the “green lungs” of the entire area.

Nguyen Cong Toai added that the greatest value of Lang Sen lies not only in the number of species it hosts, but also in its role in preserving valuable genetic resources of the Dong Thap Muoi wetland ecosystem. The reserve is considered a natural “biological bank” serving scientific research, environmental education, and long-term conservation.

In 2015, Lang Sen was designated the world’s 2,227th Ramsar Site and Viet Nam’s seventh. The reserve meets six out of nine international criteria for wetlands of global importance. This recognition not only affirms Lang Sen’s exceptional ecological value but also opens opportunities for international cooperation in biodiversity conservation.

Many people compare Lang Sen to an “ink-wash painting” of the Mekong Delta. In the early morning, thin layers of mist drift across the calm water surface. By sunset, the crimson glow stretches over flooded fields where flocks of white storks circle in search of a place to rest for the night. Such scenery not only creates ecological value but also reflects the distinctive beauty of the southern river culture.

Communities joining hands to preserve biodiversity

One of the key factors that has helped Lang Sen maintain its pristine beauty to this day is the support and participation of communities living around the buffer zone.

Local residents have long adapted their lives to the rhythm of the seasonal floodwaters. They fish according to the seasons, cultivate rice, and use natural resources in a sustainable manner. Small wooden boats gliding through canals, homes nestled along melaleuca forests, and vast lotus fields have become defining images of this region.

Le Van Tinh, a resident of Ca No Hamlet in Tan Hung Commune, said his family owns around four hectares of rice farmland located near Lang Sen Wetland Reserve. During cultivation, the family always pays close attention to water treatment and limits pollution to avoid affecting the surrounding ecosystem.

According to Tinh, local residents are regularly encouraged by reserve officials not to hunt wild animals, illegally enter protected areas, or exploit natural resources unlawfully.

“Whenever violations or incidents involving wildlife are detected, local people immediately report them to conservation forces for handling. We understand that protecting the environment, preserving birds, and safeguarding wildlife here is a shared responsibility,” Tinh said.

Tinh added that in recent years, the management board of Lang Sen Wetland Reserve has implemented various livelihood support programs for residents living in the buffer zone, including preferential loans, assistance for agricultural production, and livestock development to help stabilize incomes and improve living standards.

“When people’s lives become more stable, they also become more aware of the importance of protecting natural resources. Local residents understand that if the environment is damaged, their own livelihoods will also suffer,” Tinh said.

A “natural sponge” regulating the environment

Beyond its unique landscape and rich ecosystem, Lang Sen also plays a crucial role in regulating the climate and water resources of the surrounding region.

Scientists often describe this wetland as a “natural sponge.” During the rainy season, Lang Sen absorbs large volumes of water, helping reduce flood pressure in nearby areas. In the dry season, the stored water continues to maintain soil moisture and sustain habitats for various species.

In addition, the area’s extensive vegetation cover can absorb significant amounts of CO₂, helping mitigate climate change. As the Mekong Delta faces increasing drought, saltwater intrusion, and declining water resources, conserving wetlands such as Lang Sen has become even more urgent.

According to environmental experts, if wetland ecosystems continue to shrink, the risks of ecological imbalance and biodiversity loss will become increasingly severe. Therefore, Lang Sen is significant not only to Tay Ninh Province but also to the protection of the ecological environment of the entire southern region.

According to Nguyen Cong Toai, besides its mission of conserving biodiversity, the reserve also carries out a wide range of activities, including forest fire prevention and control, ecosystem restoration, community awareness campaigns, and cooperation with international organizations on conservation efforts.

One of the reserve’s greatest advantages today is the strong support it receives from authorities at various levels, as well as assistance from numerous domestic and international organizations. Programs on habitat restoration, community outreach, and livelihood support are helping improve conservation effectiveness.

With its outstanding ecological, scientific, and cultural values, Lang Sen Wetland Reserve deserves to be recognized as a symbol of sustainable nature conservation efforts in the heart of the southern delta.